Marshall Adalar\u0131, uzmanlar\u0131n d\u00fcnyada t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn ilk \u00f6rne\u011fi oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi\u011fi, geleneksel y\u00f6ntemlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra kripto para birimi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00f6deme yapan ulusal temel gelir (Universal Basic Income – UBI) program\u0131 ba\u015flatt\u0131.<\/p>\n
The Guardian'\u0131n haberine g\u00f6re program kapsam\u0131nda, Marshall Adalar\u0131'nda ikamet eden her vatanda\u015f, h\u00fck\u00fcmetin ya\u015fam maliyetleri \u00fczerindeki bask\u0131y\u0131 hafifletme \u00e7abas\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak, \u00fc\u00e7 ayda bir yakla\u015f\u0131k 200 dolar tutar\u0131nda \u00f6deme alacak. \u0130lk taksitler Kas\u0131m ay\u0131 sonunda \u00f6dendi ve al\u0131c\u0131lar, paran\u0131n banka hesab\u0131na yat\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, \u00e7ekle \u00f6denmesini veya h\u00fck\u00fcmet destekli dijital c\u00fczdan arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla blok zincirinde kripto para birimi olarak teslim edilmesini se\u00e7ebiliyorlar.<\/p>\n
Marshall Adalar\u0131 Maliye Bakan\u0131 David Paul, Guardian gazetesine \u201cBiz, h\u00fck\u00fcmet olarak, kimsenin geride kalmamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak istiyoruz. Ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131na \u00fc\u00e7 ayda bir 200 dolar, yani y\u0131lda yakla\u015f\u0131k 800 dolar, i\u015finizi b\u0131rakman\u0131z\u0131 gerektirmez… ama asl\u0131nda bu, insanlar i\u00e7in bir moral deste\u011fi gibidir\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
Pasifik Okyanusu'nda bir tak\u0131mada olan Marshall Adalar\u0131, Hawaii ve Avustralya aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131r ve yakla\u015f\u0131k 42.000 n\u00fcfusa sahiptir. Paul, \u00fclkenin artan maliyetler ve vatanda\u015flar\u0131n \u00fclkeyi terk etmesiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in \u00f6demelerin bir \u201csosyal g\u00fcvenlik a\u011f\u0131\u201d olarak tasarland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi.<\/p>\n
UBI program\u0131, k\u0131smen Marshall Adalar\u0131'na onlarca y\u0131ll\u0131k Amerikan n\u00fckleer testleri i\u00e7in tazminat \u00f6demeyi ama\u00e7layan, ABD ile yap\u0131lan bir anla\u015fma kapsam\u0131nda olu\u015fturulan bir g\u00fcven fonu taraf\u0131ndan finanse ediliyor. Fonun 1,3 milyar dolardan fazla varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunuyor ve ABD 2027 y\u0131l\u0131na kadar 500 milyon dolar daha taahh\u00fct etti.<\/p>\n
Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) \u00dcniversitesi'nde do\u00e7ent ve kripto-fintech lideri olan Dr. Huy Pham, Marshall Adalar\u0131 plan\u0131n\u0131n \u201cUBI program\u0131n\u0131n ulusal d\u00fczeyde uygulanmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan d\u00fcnyada bir ilk\u201d oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi. Blockchain teknolojisinin kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u201c\u00fclke \u00e7ap\u0131nda uygulama a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan benzersiz\u201d oldu\u011funu belirtti.<\/p>\n
ABD dolar\u0131na sabitlenmi\u015f, stablecoin olarak bilinen dijital bir tokenin transferini i\u00e7eren kripto para birimi teslimat se\u00e7ene\u011fi, y\u00fczlerce uzak adaya para teslim etmenin pratik zorluklar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in tasarland\u0131. Paul, \u201cBlockchain'in sundu\u011fu f\u0131rsatlar\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fck\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
Blockchain, bitcoin ve di\u011fer kripto para birimlerinin arkas\u0131ndaki teknoloji olarak bilinir, ancak Marshall Adalar\u0131'n\u0131n dijital \u00f6deme sistemini desteklemek i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 devlet tahviller gibi daha geleneksel varl\u0131klar\u0131 depolamak ve aktarmak i\u00e7in de kullan\u0131labilir.<\/p>\n
\u00d6zellikle internet ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fczensiz ve s\u0131k s\u0131k kesintiye u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Marshall Adalar\u0131 gibi bir \u00fclkede, dijital \u00f6demelerin tek ba\u015f\u0131na finansal kapsay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 sa\u011flayamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulayan Pham, \u201c\u0130nternet kapsam\u0131n\u0131n iyile\u015ftirilmesi, ak\u0131ll\u0131 telefon penetrasyonunun art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u2013 t\u00fcm bu t\u00fcr \u015feyler, blockchain tabanl\u0131 bir ekonomi i\u00e7in asgari \u015fartlard\u0131r\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
\u00c7o\u011fu al\u0131c\u0131, \u00f6demeleri geleneksel kanallardan almay\u0131 tercih ediyor. Marshall Adalar\u0131 Sosyal G\u00fcvenlik \u0130daresi'ne g\u00f6re, ilk \u00f6deme turunun yakla\u015f\u0131k y\u00fczde 60'\u0131 do\u011frudan banka hesaplar\u0131na yat\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rken, geri kalan\u0131 ka\u011f\u0131t \u00e7ek olarak d\u00fczenlendi. Yetkililer, \u015fu ana kadar sadece az say\u0131da ki\u015finin (yakla\u015f\u0131k 12 ki\u015fi) dijital c\u00fczdanlar\u0131na \u00f6deme almak i\u00e7in kaydoldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
Uygulaman\u0131n ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131nda g\u00f6rev alan finans m\u00fcd\u00fcr\u00fc Anelie Sarana, ge\u00e7ti\u011fimiz y\u0131l boyunca ekibinin program\u0131 kaydetmek i\u00e7in \u00fclkenin en d\u0131\u015f adalar\u0131na seyahat etti\u011fini s\u00f6yledi. Sarana, bir\u00e7ok al\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n paray\u0131 g\u0131da ve temel ihtiya\u00e7lar gibi temel ihtiya\u00e7lar i\u00e7in hemen kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, di\u011ferlerinin ise ilk da\u011f\u0131t\u0131mla ayn\u0131 zamana denk gelen y\u0131ll\u0131k Gospel G\u00fcn\u00fc tatilini kutlamak i\u00e7in 200 dolar\u0131 kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi ve \u201cMutlu olduklar\u0131n\u0131 biliyorum, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc sokaklarda \u00e7ok fazla trafik var, sanki b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u015fey oluyor gibi,\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
Marshall Adalar\u0131'n\u0131n kripto para birimini denedi\u011fi ilk kez de\u011fil. 2018'de h\u00fck\u00fcmet, Sovereign veya SOV olarak bilinen ulusal bir kripto para birimi olu\u015fturmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Plan, Uluslararas\u0131 Para Fonu'nun (IMF) uyar\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan sonu\u00e7suz kald\u0131.<\/p>\n
IMF, en son plan\u0131n temelini olu\u015fturan teknolojinin yenilik\u00e7i olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, blok zinciri tabanl\u0131 evrensel temel gelir da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle y\u00f6neti\u015fim ve denetim sa\u011flam de\u011filse, \u201cfinansal, mali, yasal, itibar ve finansal b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fck riskleri\u201d ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 konusunda uyar\u0131da bulundu.<\/p>\n
Helsinki \u00dcniversitesi'nde d\u00fcnya siyaseti \u00f6\u011fretim \u00fcyesi olan Dr. Monique Taylor, Marshall Adalar\u0131'n\u0131n evrensel temel gelir ve kripto para birimi da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m sistemi denemesinin ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olup olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tahmin etmenin zor oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yledi ve \u201cEvrensel gelir programlar\u0131, \u00f6zellikle ulusal \u00f6l\u00e7ekte nadirdir ve bu mali yap\u0131y\u0131 k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir ada devletinde dijital da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m bile\u015feniyle birle\u015ftiren do\u011frudan bir emsal yoktur\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
Ancak, bu plan\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ada \u00fclkeleri i\u00e7in faydal\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131na inand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirten Taylor, \u201cGeleneksel bankac\u0131l\u0131k altyap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olabilece\u011fi co\u011frafi olarak da\u011f\u0131n\u0131k bir ada devletinde, dijital c\u00fczdan s\u00fcrt\u00fc\u015fmeleri azaltabilir ve \u00f6zellikle d\u0131\u015f atollerde transferleri daha eri\u015filebilir hale getirebilir\u201d diye ekledi.
\n\u00a0<\/p>\n
<\/strong> \u0130stanbul, 17 Aral\u0131k (Hibya) – Pasifik \u00fclkesi Marshall Adalar\u0131’nda ya\u015fam maliyetleri \u00fczerindeki bask\u0131y\u0131 hafifletmek i\u00e7in tasarlanan program kapsam\u0131nda, \u00fc\u00e7 ayda bir 200 dolarl\u0131k \u00f6demeler kripto para birimi stabilcoin veya geleneksel para birimi ile yap\u0131lacak.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21544,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"googlesitekit_rrm_CAow07ekDA:productID":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[12,1,13],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21543","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-spor","category-ekonomi","category-teknoloji"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ekonomigundemi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21543","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ekonomigundemi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ekonomigundemi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ekonomigundemi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ekonomigundemi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21543"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/ekonomigundemi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/21543\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ekonomigundemi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21544"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ekonomigundemi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21543"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ekonomigundemi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=21543"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ekonomigundemi.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=21543"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\nEKONOM\u0130 GAZETES\u0130 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"